HPV test is a laboratory test that detects the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) - this is a virus that is primarily transmitted through sexual contact and can cause changes in the cells of the cervix.
Some types of virus (t. i. high-risk HPV, especially 16 and 18) are associated with the development of cervical cancer, which is why the test is an important part of preventive screening.
During a gynaecological examination, the doctor uses a small little mole gently take a sample of cells from the cervix. The sample is sent to a laboratory where molecular methods are used to check whether contained in HPV genetic material and which types of the virus are present.
The procedure is short, painless and similar to a PAP smear. The result shows whether the virus is present; if it is, the gynaecologist may recommend surveillance or further tests (e.g. colposcopy), as most infections resolve on their own without consequences.