Colposcopy is gynaecological examinationin which a doctor uses a special instrument called a colposcope, under magnifier closely examines the cervix, vagina and external genitalia. It is mainly used when the results are cervical smear (PAP test) abnormal, as it allows a better examination of the mucous membranes and the detection of changes or woundsthat cannot be seen with the naked eye.
During the examination, the doctor may use special solutionsto help identify suspicious areas of mucous membrane.
If it notices altered tissue, you can colposcopy also perform a biopsy of the cervix - that is, take a small tissue samplewhich is sent to laboratory for microscopic analysis. Biopsy helps confirm whether there are changes mild, moderate or severe (precancerous).
The procedure is short, mostly painless or only mildly uncomfortableand may be followed by slight bleeding or dischargewhich usually subsides quickly.